Plumbing Inspection Checklist for Homeowners

After completing your plumbing project, it's essential to conduct a detailed inspection to ensure everything operates correctly and meets your standards. This step is essential as it involves the functionality and safety of your home's water and waste systems. As you prepare for the inspection, arm yourself with a flashlight, paper, and pencil to note any discrepancies or concerns, ensuring each room with plumbing fixtures is well-lit to facilitate a thorough examination. Identifying areas requiring further attention is key, as any oversight at this stage could lead to complications later. Consulting with your plumber or a professional is advisable for issues beyond basic checks.

House Main Water Shut-Off Valve

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Accessible Location: Confirm that the main shut-off valve is installed in an accessible location, according to the plan.
Clear Area: Confirm clear access to the shut-off valve, with no obstructions that could hinder the ability to turn it off quickly in an emergency.
Appropriate Valve Type: Check if the valve is of a proper type, such as a ball valve (preferred for its durability and ease of operation) or a gate valve. Ball valves have a lever handle that requires a quarter turn to open or close, while gate valves have a wheel handle that must be turned multiple times.

Final inspection

Leak Check: Look for any water leaks around the valve. Even small leaks can indicate problems requiring the valve to be repaired or replaced.
Test the Valve: If it’s a gate valve, turn it clockwise to close (tighten) and counterclockwise to open (loosen). For a ball valve, the lever is in line with the pipe when open and perpendicular when closed.
Operational Smoothness: The valve should turn smoothly without excessive force. Difficulty in operation or stiffness suggests the valve might need lubrication.
Complete Shut-Off: Temporarily shut off the water supply to your home. Once closed, turn on a faucet inside the house to verify that the water stops flowing, indicating the valve effectively stops the water supply. Remember to turn the valve back to the open position immediately after testing to restore water to your home.
Clear Labeling: Confirm that there is a tag or sign identifying it as the main water shut-off. This is especially helpful for quickly locating the valve in an emergency or for guests and other household members needing access.

Sink & Sink Faucets

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Water Line Placement: Verify that hot and cold water supply lines are positioned correctly for the planned sink installation. They should be aligned with the sink's faucet holes.
Secure Mounting: Ensure the supply lines are securely fastened to the wall or floor to prevent movement that could lead to leaks or damage.
Shut-Off Valves: Confirm that shut-off valves are installed on hot and cold water supply lines. These valves are essential for controlling water flow to the sink.
Drain Line Placement: Check that the drain pipe is located directly under the anticipated sink location and is at the correct height according to the sink type and plumbing code requirements.
P-Trap Preparation: Look for the rough-in preparation for the P-trap installation, ensuring enough space and proper alignment for the future connection to the sink’s drain.
Vent Pipe Placement: Ensure a vent pipe is within the required distance from the drain pipe to prevent negative pressure and ensure proper drainage. The vent should be routed appropriately to the outside.
Clear Markings: Check for precise and accurate markings indicating the locations for the water supply, drain, and vent pipes, ensuring they match the layout for the sink installation.
Measure Twice: Double-check measurements to ensure that the positioning of pipes aligns with the specifications of the sink and vanity or counter that will be installed.

Final inspection

Faucet Location: Verify that the faucet is correctly aligned with the sink's drain and securely attached to the sink or countertop.
Handle Operation: Test the handles to ensure they turn smoothly without resistance. Check both hot and cold water flows for any irregularities.
Leak Check: Turn on each faucet to confirm there are no leaks around the handle and base. Ensure there are no drips when the faucet is turned off.
Water Flow: Check for consistent and adequate water pressure in each faucet.
Temperature: Confirm that hot water arrives at each faucet at the desired temperature. Adjust the temperature to ensure proper mixing of hot and cold water.
Secure Mounting: The sink should be firmly mounted to the countertop or vanity without movement when applying light pressure. For undermount sinks, check that the clips or adhesive used to secure the sink are in place and hold the sink tightly.
Level Installation: Use a level to check that the sink is perfectly horizontal. An unlevel sink can lead to improper drainage or water pooling.
Caulking Integrity: Inspect the caulking around the sink for any gaps.
Sink Drain: Test the sink drain plug (stopper) to ensure it properly seals and retains water in the basin. The stopper should fit snugly without any gaps that allow water to drain when in the closed position.
Drainage Speed: Observe the speed at which water drains. Slow drainage might indicate a clog or venting issue.
Under Sink Leak Check: Inspect visible pipes under the sink for signs of leaks or moisture.
Shut-Off Valve: Confirm the faucet water shut-off valve is working correctly.

Toilet

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Floor Condition: Inspect the floor for any signs of damage or rot, especially in older homes, as the area around the toilet can be susceptible to water damage. Any issues should be repaired before the toilet installation.
Flange Placement: The flange connects the toilet to the drainpipe and should be centered and properly aligned with the planned toilet location. Typically, the center of the flange should be 12 inches from the finished wall, but this can vary based on the toilet model and bathroom layout.
Height Relative to Floor: The top of the toilet flange should be level with or slightly above the finished floor level to ensure a good seal with the toilet wax ring or seal.
Secure Attachment: The flange should be securely fastened to the floor to prevent movement, which could compromise the seal or the toilet’s stability.
Clearance: Verify adequate clearance around the toilet location for comfortable use. Building codes typically require at least 15 inches from the center of the toilet flange to any side wall or obstruction and 21 inches of clear space in front of the toilet.
Drain Size: Confirm that the drain pipe is the correct diameter for toilet installation, usually 3 or 4 inches, to ensure proper waste removal.
Venting: Ensure there is a vent pipe within the required distance from the toilet drain to prevent negative pressure and ensure proper and efficient waste and gas removal. The vent should be appropriately routed to the outside.
Water Supply Line: The water supply line should be positioned so as to not interfere with the toilet or the user. A standard guideline is 6 inches to the left of the toilet flange’s center (facing the toilet) and 7 inches above the finished floor.
Shut-Off Valve: Confirm the shut-off valve on the water supply line is easily accessible for turning the water on or off for maintenance or emergencies.

Final inspection

Caulking Integrity: Inspect the caulking around the toilet base for any gaps.
Base Check: Inspect the toilet base for leaks or signs of water damage.
Stability: Gently rock the toilet to check for any movement. Toilets should be securely fastened to the floor. Confirm the toilet seat is secured and has no side-to-side movement.
Flush Test: Flush each toilet to ensure it completes an entire cycle without issues.
Leak Test: Listen for continuous running water after the tank is full, which indicates a leak.
Shut-Off Valve: Confirm the toilet water shut-off valve is working correctly.

Bathtub and Bathtub Faucet

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Water Supply Lines: Confirm that the water supply lines are positioned correctly to align with the bathtub faucet and valve placements. There should be clear access to connect the bathtub faucets without straining the pipes.
Shut-Off Valves: Verify that shut-off valves are installed on the bathtub's water supply lines. These valves allow water flow to be easily stopped for maintenance or in case of leaks.
Drain and Overflow Assembly: Check that the drain and overflow assembly locations align with the bathtub specifications you plan to install. The rough-in should accommodate the tub's size and drain location (left, right, or center).
Secure Fitting: Check that the drain and overflow fittings are securely attached and properly sealed to prevent leaks.
P-Trap Presence: Confirm a P-trap has been installed in the bathtub's drain line, located within the required distance from the drain. The P-trap prevents sewer gases from entering the home through the drain.
Proper Venting: The drain line for the bathtub should be appropriately vented, per local plumbing codes, to ensure efficient drainage and prevent trap siphoning or backflow of sewer gases.
Valve Box Installation: If applicable, confirm that a valve box or mounting bracket for the bathtub's faucet valves is securely mounted and located at the appropriate height and orientation for your selected bathtub faucet set.
Water Supply and Mixer Valves: Confirm that the rough-in includes appropriate fittings for the hot and cold water supply lines and any mixer valves. The positioning should match the layout of the bathtub faucet system you plan to install.
Measure Twice: Double-check the rough-in measurements against the dimensions of the bathtub and faucets to ensure a proper fit, including any specific requirements for freestanding tubs or unique faucet arrangements.

Final inspection

Faucet Location: Verify that the faucet head is positioned over the bathtub.
Handle Operation: Test the handles to ensure they turn smoothly without resistance. Check both hot and cold water flows for any irregularities.
Leak Check: Turn on the bathtub faucet and handheld shower to confirm there are no leaks around the handle and base. Ensure there are no drips when the faucet is turned off.
Water Flow: Check for consistent and adequate water pressure in each faucet.
Temperature: Confirm that hot water arrives at each faucet at the desired temperature. Adjust the temperature to ensure proper mixing of hot and cold water.
Caulking Integrity: Examine the caulking around the bathtub for any gaps,

especially where it meets the walls and the floor.

Sturdiness: Check the bathtub for any signs of movement or instability. The tub should be firmly secured in place without any wobbling.
Tub Drain: Test the tub drain plug (stopper) to ensure it properly seals and retains water in the tub. The stopper should fit snugly without any gaps that allow water to drain when in the closed position.
Drainage Speed: Observe the speed at which water drains. Slow drainage might indicate a clog or venting issue.

Shower and Shower Controls

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Shower Pan or Base Area: Inspect where the shower base or pan will be installed for signs of damage or issues affecting waterproofing integrity.
Backer Board Installation Area: For tiled showers, check that the studs and framing are ready and in good condition for the backer board installation, which is critical for moisture protection.
Measurement and Clearance: Confirm that the allocated space for the shower matches the dimensions of the shower unit or the design plans for a custom shower.
Drain Placement: Ensure the shower drain is positioned correctly according to your shower floor plan or unit's specifications. The location should match where the shower base or pan will direct water.
Drain Size and Type: Verify the drain size is appropriate for the shower's design, typically 2 inches in diameter to handle flow rate adequately, and that the correct drain assembly (P-trap, etc.) is in place.
Proper Venting: Confirm that a vent pipe is connected to the drain line to prevent negative pressure and ensure fast drainage. The vent should be correctly routed as per local codes.
Hot and Cold Water Lines: Check that hot and cold water supply lines are installed at the correct locations where the shower valves and fixtures will be mounted.
Secure Mounting: Confirm that the water supply lines are securely fastened and properly insulated, if necessary, to prevent noise and heat loss.
Rough-In Valve: Although the final fixtures are not yet installed, the rough-in valve for controlling water temperature and flow should be in place. Confirm it is appropriately mounted and at the correct height according to your shower fixture specifications.
Fixture Height: Check the planned heights for showerheads and control valves to ensure they will be comfortable and functional.
Access Panel: If applicable, consider whether an access panel is needed for future shower valve maintenance. It’s easier to plan for this now than after the wall finishing.

Final inspection

Multi-Function: If your shower has multi-function valves, confirm that each valve directs water to the correct shower head.
Leak Check: Confirm there are no leaks around the handle and base. Ensure there are no drips when the faucet is turned off.
Water Flow: Check for consistent and adequate water pressure in each showerhead.
Temperature: Confirm that hot water arrives at each showerhead at the desired temperature. Adjust the temperature to ensure proper mixing of hot and cold water.
Shower Base or Pan: Look closely at the shower base or pan for any cracks, scratches, or signs of wear that could lead to leaks.
Tiles and Grout: Inspect the tiles and grout on the shower walls. Ensure there are no loose tiles, cracks, or missing grout sections.
Shower Drain: Test the shower drain by running water and observing how quickly it drains. Be alert for any standing water, which indicates poor drainage.
Door/Enclosure: If your shower has a door or enclosure, check for a secure fit and proper sealing to prevent water from escaping. Look for gaps in the door seal and ensure the door opens and closes smoothly.

Water Heater

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Installation Area: Verify the selected installation area for the water heater is appropriate, considering access for maintenance, compliance with local building codes, and proximity to areas requiring hot water.
Clearance: Confirm sufficient clearance around the planned installation space for the water heater, according to manufacturer recommendations and local codes, to facilitate ventilation, maintenance, and replacement.
Cold Water Supply: Check that a cold water supply line has been correctly routed to the water heater's intended location, complete with a shut-off valve for easy maintenance and emergency shutoff.
Hot Water Distribution: Ensure there are correctly positioned lines for distributing hot water from the water heater to various points of use throughout the home.
Drain Pan and Line: If codes or manufacturer instructions require a drain pan under the water heater, confirm that preparations for its placement have been made, with a drain line leading to an appropriate drainage point to handle potential leaks or overflow.
Pressure Relief Valve Discharge Pipe: Check for the rough-in arrangement for a temperature and pressure (T&P) relief valve discharge pipe that extends to an appropriate drainage location or the exterior, depending on local codes, to safely handle discharge in case the valve activates.
Gas Line Installation: For gas water heaters, check that a gas supply line has been installed with a gas shutoff valve near the water heater for safety and ease of maintenance.
Gas Heater Air Supply: Verify that provisions have been made to ensure an adequate combustion air supply to the gas water heater, following manufacturer recommendations and local codes to prevent issues with gas combustion.
Gas Vent Pipe Preparation: For gas water heaters, ensure a plan for proper venting outdoors to expel combustion gases safely.

Final inspection

Visual Inspection: Look around the water heater for any signs of leaks or corrosion.
Temperature Setting: Verify that the water heater's temperature setting is safe, typically around 120°F, to prevent scalding.
Pressure Relief Valve: Check the area around the pressure relief valve for signs of leaks or discharge.
Shut-Off Valve: Confirm the water heater shut-off valve is working correctly.
Seismic Straps: In areas prone to earthquakes, check for the provision to secure the water heater with seismic straps to prevent tipping during seismic activity, as required by local building codes.

Sump Pump (If Applicable)

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Appropriate Location: Verify the sump pit is located at the lowest point in the basement or crawl space where water is most likely to accumulate. The location should be accessible for maintenance and far from the foundation walls to avoid undermining their integrity.
Proper Sizing and Depth: Ensure the sump pit is of adequate size and depth according to local building codes and the sump pump manufacturer's recommendations. This is crucial for providing sufficient water capacity and proper pump activation.
Pit Lining: Check that the sump pit is correctly lined or constructed with durable materials to prevent collapse and allow groundwater to enter while keeping out debris that could clog the pump.
Discharge Pipe Placement and Slope: The discharge pipe should be positioned to direct water away from the foundation and have a slight downward slope to prevent water from flowing back toward the sump pit.
Check Valve: The discharge line should include a check valve to prevent discharged water from flowing back into the sump pit. Verify that provisions for its installation have been made.
Backup Overflow: Confirm the installation of an overflow drain near the sump pit to handle excess water in case of pump failure or overwhelming flow, directing water safely away from the property's foundation.
Exterior Drainage: Confirm that the area where the sump pump discharges water outside the home is graded away from the foundation to prevent water from pooling and re-entering the basement or crawl space.

Final inspection

Operational Test: Pour water into the sump pit to trigger the pump. It should activate, pump out the water, and turn off automatically.
Check Valve: Ensure the check valve functions correctly to prevent water from flowing back into the pit.

Conclusion

Ensuring your plumbing system operates efficiently and safely is crucial for the health and comfort of your home and family. Should any issues arise during your inspection, it's imperative to relay these concerns to your contractor without delay so that necessary adjustments or repairs can be made. All plumbing work must satisfy aesthetic and functional expectations, adhering closely to safety and building codes to avert potential problems.

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